SLAUGHTERING AND SKINNING
Slaughtering and skinning- Physical process of preparing a rabbit for meat
Slaughtering rabbits refers to the process of removing the rabbit pelt, cleaning the rabbit carcass and cutting the rabbit meat (lapin) into pieces for dinner. Here is the best way we’ve found to do all that.
Equipments: Set yourself up for the slaughtering process with these tools:
- Very sharp skinning knife
- Knife sharpener and steel or ceramic honing rod
- Heavy shears or loppers, such as sold in the garden department
- 2 buckets for water. Fill it three-quarters full. Slaughtering rabbits can get messy – you’ll want a lot of water for cleaning hands and knife. Set the bucket on a chair, step stool or bench to raise it to a comfortable working level. Top it off with boiling water from the teakettle so the temperature is not ice-cold.
- A large round or square, possibly plastic, container, such as a dish pan, for collecting the innards as they drop. Place this at the foot of or underneath the hanging rabbit carcass. Depending on the size of the container and the number of rabbits to butcher, you may need to empty this container now and again into a large plastic garbage bag.
- Hose with nozzle, for cleaning up the blood and mess from slaughtering rabbits.
- Heavy freezer bags or vacuum-packing machine.
- How to skin the rabbit:
- Make cuts on the inside of both legs from close to the groin upwards to the hock.
- Work your fingers in between the pelt and the meat, releasing the pelt from the thigh. Work the skin loose up to the hock, as high as possible.
- Repeat on other leg.
- Insert knife with blade up, and cut the pelt at the hocks on both legs.
- Insert your finger(s) between skin and belly at the groin, until your fingers can be seen at the second cut at the other side of the belly.
- Removing fingers, insert knife into the same space and cut up and outward, cutting the pelt free of the groin area.
- Now you can pull the pelt downward, loosening it from the carcass with your fingers, as needed. You’ll be able to pull downward as far as the tail.
- With the skin pulled downward, insert your fingers under the skin below the tail, loosening the pelt from the back beside the tail.
- Remove your fingers and insert the knife into the same space, and cut the pelt loose from the tail, as close to the tail as possible if you’re saving the pelt.
- Pull the pelt downward, freeing it from the meat with your fingers as needed, pulling it down and over the neck like you would a T-shirt. The pelt will be turning itself inside out as you pull it downward.
- Loosen and release the pelt from the neck area. Since the head is gone, soon the pelt will be attached only at the front paws.
- Cut the pelt free of the paws. Cut on the skin side only and avoid cutting any fur if you plan to use the pelt.
How to gut the rabbit:
- Pinch up the abdominal lining and make a cut just below the groin.
- Insert two fingers into the cut. Pulling outward a bit, insert knife, blade down, between your fingers. Cut downward, sliding your fingers downward with the knife, keeping the innards away from the edge of the blade. You only want to cut the abdominal wall. Cut down to the ribcage. The innards will fall outward a bit.
- To enable the release of the rectum and large intestine from the groin, the pelvic joint must be split in two. Find the cartilaginous joint by grasping the tail with the groin region and pulling it firmly to one side. If it helps, you can hold the tail, groin and left thigh in one hand.
- The pelvic joint is made of cartilage that joins both sides of the pelvis at the midline under the groin organs. It is a short white line less than an inch long; in the picture it is just under the blade edge of the knife.
- Place the knife blade dead center over the pelvic cartilage. With controlled pressure on the knife blade, press inward along the length of the joint. The cartilage should cut fairly easily. Ideally, the blade will separate the pelvic joint without cutting through to the rectum, which is directly under the pelvic joint.
- Grasp both thighs and bend them backward. This will spread the severed pelvic joint. You will be able to see if you need to carefully cut any other tissues alongside the colon/rectum.
- Grasping the tail and groin once again, pull it all forward toward you, locating a joint in the tail bone on the side toward the back.
- Cut through this joint, severing the tail from the back bone. Again, take care to not cut so deep as to sever the rectum.
- 7. This should release the tail and groin into your hand. Pull the entire groin and tail downward. The tail and intestines will now pull free, and you can let it dangle free with the rest of the entrails.
- Separate the innards from the liver. Everything should be falling outward except for the stomach, which is attached to the esophagus. Cut the stomach free of tissues, blood vessels, and liver. If you leave it attached to the esophagus and pull snugly, you may be able to pull the esophagus free of the neck, and the whole works will fall into the bucket below the carcass.
- Gather up the liver carefully in your hand and cut it free.
- You’ll easily locate the gallbladder, a small sac filled with a lot, or just a little, green gall. You’ll also easily spot the gallbladder duct attaching the gallbladder to the liver. Pinch the duct (not the gallbladder) between a thumb and finger and pull it free from the liver. Drop the gall bladder into the discard bucket, saving the liver.
Very important: Once you pinch the duct and pull, you must not release your pressure on the duct until discarding it. The gall is extremely bitter, and should you lacerate the gallbladder or allow any of the bright green gall to spill, it will ruin anything it spills on. The bitter taste is next to impossible to rinse away.
- Remove the kidneys along with the surrounding fat. There’s a membrane around all that fat – with a little care, you can pull it all out without leaving globs of fat in the carcass.
- You’re almost done. Cut through the rib cage close to one side of the breastbone. This requires only moderate pressure on the blade. Spread the ribcage and cut the rabbit’s diaphragm – the membrane covering the lungs.
- Pull the lungs and the heart out of the chest cavity. Hopefully the trachea will come with them.
- Pull (or cut) the heart away from the lungs.
- Use a strong shears to cut off the front paws. Finish cutting any remaining tendons with the knife.
- Use the shears to cut the hind feet. Ideally the carcass will continue to hang by tendons, and you can cut the last tendon loose with the knife while holding the carcass with the other hand.
The whole butchering process should take between 15 – 20 minutes, until you get really good at it.
Besides the carcass and pelt, we save the heart and the liver. Some folks might like the kidneys as well.
The rest of the innards can be offered to your dog or cat, if free of disease.
You’re just about done slaughtering rabbits. What remains are the clean up, cutting up the carcasses, and putting away the meat harvest….
Handling the Clean Carcasses, Organs, and Pelts
1. Soak the carcasses in a sink full of cold salted water (2 tablespoons per sink full) for about a half-hour. This removes body temperature and helps dissipate the blood from the carcass. Rinse. Leave whole, or cut into pieces. Seal in freezer bags what you don’t intend to use immediately. Chill in refrigerator overnight, and then freeze.
2. Rinse the livers, hearts, and any other organs such as kidneys. Place in freezer bags and freeze the parts you don’t intend to use immediately. If you feed a raw diet to your animals, don’t forget to give your animals a heart and liver for every carcass you feed them. These organs are rich in nutrients and vitamins necessary for animal health.
3. Pay attention to the pelts you intend to use:
Thoroughly rinse the blood out of the pelts, place the pelts on pelt stretchers and dry in a vermin-free environment.
Or, thoroughly rinse the blood out of the pelts, and begin the tanning process by placing them into the tanning brine.
Or, thoroughly rinse the blood out of the pelts, squeeze the extra liquid out of the pelts (without wringing), place the pelts into freezer bags and freeze until ready to tan. Freezing does not damage the pelts.
Check our Rabbit Pelts page for tanning recipes and tanning instructions
How to cut up the rabbit carcass
You’ll get 8 rabbit pieces by following these directions: two front legs, two back legs, two rib sections, and two back sections.
Separate the front limbs from the rib cage.
Separate the hind limbs from the back
Cut through the back strap to separate the rib section from the back. With the meat cut, snap and break the back, dislocating it at the cut. Then it is easy to cut free.
Bend the ribcage outward, and cut into its two sides.
Cut the last strip – the back – in the middle. Cut the muscle and snap the back in two in order to cut through the joint.
Raising and slaughtering rabbits provides for nutritious meals to both your family and your animals. Acquire enough pelts, and you can stay warm through the winter by creating blankets, jackets, mittens, mukluks, caps, and more. Slaughtering rabbits takes you many steps forward along the path to health, self-sufficiency and survival preparedness
